See kruch on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"kruch",
"kruch#Old_Polish"
],
[
"*kruxъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kruxъ"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
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},
{
"args": {
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"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kruch",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish kruch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kruch"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish kruch",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kruxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kruxъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish kruch, from Proto-Slavic *kruxъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kruch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "kruch m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kruch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"kruch"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mining",
"orig": "pl:Mining",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "75 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "67 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Units of measure",
"orig": "pl:Units of measure",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
36
],
[
142,
148
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
36
],
[
129,
139
]
],
"english": "Frustum salis gruzeł soli salt stone Banci snlis in frusta concussi et centenariatim venditi Rejestr Bonaru 1544, or a broken up salt stone and sold by weight of one hundredweight.",
"ref": "1868, Hieronim Hilary Łabęcki, Słownik górniczy polsko-rossyjsko-francuzko-niemiecki i rossyjsko-polski (z dodaniem wyrazów odnoszących się do mineralogii, geologii, chemii, oraz ważniejszych rzemiosł kruszcowych) tudzież glossarz średniowiecznej łaciny górniczej w Polsce, Warszawa: w drukarni Karola Kowalewskiego:",
"text": "Frustum salis gruzeł soli kruch soli Banci snlis in frusta concussi et centenariatim venditi Rejestr Bonaru 1544 bałwany soli na bochny czyli kruchy potłuczone i na wagę na centnary przedawane.",
"translation": "Frustum salis gruzeł soli salt stone Banci snlis in frusta concussi et centenariatim venditi Rejestr Bonaru 1544, or a broken up salt stone and sold by weight of one hundredweight.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a unit of measurement of salt, equivalent of one cetnar (64,80kg until 1819; afterwards 40,55 kg until conversion to metric system); a hundredweight of salt"
],
"id": "en-kruch-pl-noun-wzSyT1P2",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"hundredweight",
"hundredweight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, rare, mining, historical) a unit of measurement of salt, equivalent of one cetnar (64,80kg until 1819; afterwards 40,55 kg until conversion to metric system); a hundredweight of salt"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"rare",
"regional"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "34 66",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
97,
108
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
92,
102
]
],
"english": "The bailiff of the municipality was invited to the Senate for the occasion, and a beautiful salt stone was given to Marshal Borusewicz.",
"ref": "2007 May 17, (MAW), “Jedna z najlepszych”, in Gazeta Krakowska (journalism), Kraków: \"Polskapresse\". Oddział \"Prasa Krakowska\":",
"text": "Zaproszony z tej okazji do Senatu wójt gminy Bochnia, przekazał marszałkowi Borusewiczowi piękny kruch solny.",
"translation": "The bailiff of the municipality was invited to the Senate for the occasion, and a beautiful salt stone was given to Marshal Borusewicz.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "…; the stone of grey, fine-grained, Bochnia salt, around 20 milion years old, 15 kilograms in weight …",
"ref": "2002 March 16, “Licytacja dla światła”, in Dziennik Polski (journalism), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Jagiellonia SA, →ISSN:",
"text": "[...];kruch soli bocheńskiej szarej, drobnoziarnistej, ok. 20 mln lat, waga 15 kg;[...]",
"translation": "…; the stone of grey, fine-grained, Bochnia salt, around 20 milion years old, 15 kilograms in weight …",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any piece of salt bigger than about 1kg; a salt stone"
],
"id": "en-kruch-pl-noun-2a39JgCk",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, rare, by extension) any piece of salt bigger than about 1kg; a salt stone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cetnar"
},
{
"word": "centnar"
},
{
"word": "kwintal"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"rare",
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
}
],
"word": "kruch"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "круцх",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "m-in",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "kruch m inan (Cyrillic spelling круцх)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kruh"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete spelling of kruh"
],
"id": "en-kruch-sh-noun-qPOiwFbC",
"links": [
[
"kruh",
"kruh#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "kruch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable",
"pl:Units of measure"
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"kruch",
"kruch#Old_Polish"
],
[
"*kruxъ",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kruxъ"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kruch",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish kruch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "kruch"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish kruch",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*kruxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kruxъ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish kruch, from Proto-Slavic *kruxъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kruch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kruchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "kruch m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"kruch"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"kruch"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with rare senses",
"Regional Polish",
"pl:Mining"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
26,
36
],
[
142,
148
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
36
],
[
129,
139
]
],
"english": "Frustum salis gruzeł soli salt stone Banci snlis in frusta concussi et centenariatim venditi Rejestr Bonaru 1544, or a broken up salt stone and sold by weight of one hundredweight.",
"ref": "1868, Hieronim Hilary Łabęcki, Słownik górniczy polsko-rossyjsko-francuzko-niemiecki i rossyjsko-polski (z dodaniem wyrazów odnoszących się do mineralogii, geologii, chemii, oraz ważniejszych rzemiosł kruszcowych) tudzież glossarz średniowiecznej łaciny górniczej w Polsce, Warszawa: w drukarni Karola Kowalewskiego:",
"text": "Frustum salis gruzeł soli kruch soli Banci snlis in frusta concussi et centenariatim venditi Rejestr Bonaru 1544 bałwany soli na bochny czyli kruchy potłuczone i na wagę na centnary przedawane.",
"translation": "Frustum salis gruzeł soli salt stone Banci snlis in frusta concussi et centenariatim venditi Rejestr Bonaru 1544, or a broken up salt stone and sold by weight of one hundredweight.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a unit of measurement of salt, equivalent of one cetnar (64,80kg until 1819; afterwards 40,55 kg until conversion to metric system); a hundredweight of salt"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"mining",
"mining#Noun"
],
[
"hundredweight",
"hundredweight"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, rare, mining, historical) a unit of measurement of salt, equivalent of one cetnar (64,80kg until 1819; afterwards 40,55 kg until conversion to metric system); a hundredweight of salt"
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"rare",
"regional"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"mining"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with rare senses",
"Regional Polish"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
97,
108
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
92,
102
]
],
"english": "The bailiff of the municipality was invited to the Senate for the occasion, and a beautiful salt stone was given to Marshal Borusewicz.",
"ref": "2007 May 17, (MAW), “Jedna z najlepszych”, in Gazeta Krakowska (journalism), Kraków: \"Polskapresse\". Oddział \"Prasa Krakowska\":",
"text": "Zaproszony z tej okazji do Senatu wójt gminy Bochnia, przekazał marszałkowi Borusewiczowi piękny kruch solny.",
"translation": "The bailiff of the municipality was invited to the Senate for the occasion, and a beautiful salt stone was given to Marshal Borusewicz.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
6,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"english": "…; the stone of grey, fine-grained, Bochnia salt, around 20 milion years old, 15 kilograms in weight …",
"ref": "2002 March 16, “Licytacja dla światła”, in Dziennik Polski (journalism), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Jagiellonia SA, →ISSN:",
"text": "[...];kruch soli bocheńskiej szarej, drobnoziarnistej, ok. 20 mln lat, waga 15 kg;[...]",
"translation": "…; the stone of grey, fine-grained, Bochnia salt, around 20 milion years old, 15 kilograms in weight …",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"any piece of salt bigger than about 1kg; a salt stone"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, rare, by extension) any piece of salt bigger than about 1kg; a salt stone"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cetnar"
},
{
"word": "centnar"
},
{
"word": "kwintal"
}
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"rare",
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkrux/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
}
],
"word": "kruch"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "круцх",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "m-in",
"var": "1"
},
"expansion": "kruch m inan (Cyrillic spelling круцх)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "kruh"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for accents in Serbo-Croatian noun entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine inanimate nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian obsolete forms",
"Serbo-Croatian variant lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete spelling of kruh"
],
"links": [
[
"kruh",
"kruh#Serbo-Croatian"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "kruch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kruch meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.